Though oil spills are detrimental to the environment, the ability of oil to float aids cleanup. Fluid flow through a pipe is an important real-world application of density governed by a relation known as Bernoulli's equation. Bernoulli's equation is a special use of the concept of conservation of energy, and the result is that the density of the fluid affects the fluid's velocity, pressure, and even its height.
All else being equal, a fluid of greater density will flow through a pipe with a lower pressure, velocity, or height, respectively. Engineers rely on Bernoulli's equation when they design dams and large-scale plumbing projects.
Bernoulli's equation also accounts for the ability of an airplane to fly, though this phenomenon relies primarily on pressure and velocity, not density. However, density plays an additional role in flight. The weight distribution on board the aircraft changes as the engines consume fuel, so the density of the plane is not uniform. This loss of mass results in a shifting center of mass, and pilots must make adjustments during flight to account for these changes.
Allison Boley writes both fiction and nonfiction, having placed as a semifinalist in the international Scriptapalooza Semi-Annual Television Writing Competition.
Specific gravity is the ratio between the densities of two objects or substances, and it is expressed as a number without units of measure. For example, the specific gravity of concrete, which has a density of 2. The specific gravities of gases are usually determined in comparison to the specific gravity of dry air. Most rocks near the surface of Earth have a specific gravity of somewhere between 2 and 3, while the specific gravity of the planet itself is about 5.
The computation is fairly simple, given the fact that the mass and volume of the planet are known. And given the fact that most of what lies close to Earth's surface—sea water, soil, rocks—has a specific gravity well below 5, it is clear that Earth's interior must contain high-density materials, such as nickel or iron. In the same way, calculations regarding the density of other objects in the Solar System provide a clue as to their interior composition. Closer to home, a comparison of density makes it possible to determine whether a piece of jewelry alleged to be solid gold is really genuine.
To determine the answer, one must drop it in a beaker of water with graduated units of measure clearly marked. Here, figures are given in cubic centimeters, since these are easiest to use in this context.
Suppose the item has a mass of 10 grams. Suppose that instead, the item displaced 0. Clearly, it is not gold, but what is it? If on the other hand the amount of water displaced were somewhere between the values for pure gold and pure lead, one could calculate what portion of the item was gold and which lead. It is possible, of course, that it could contain some other metal, but given the high specific gravity of lead, and the fact that its density is relatively close to that of gold, lead is a favorite gold substitute among jewelry counterfeiters.
Beiser, Arthur. Physics, 5th ed. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, Chahrour, Janet. Illustrated by Ann Humphrey Williams. Hauppauge, N. Robson, Pam. Clocks, Scales and Measurements. New York: Gloucester Press, Willis, Shirley. Tell Me How Ships Float. Illustrated by the author. One side note:- Air around us consists of nitrogen and oxygen molecules which are heavy as compared to helium molecules.
Hydrogen is even lighter than helium but we do not fill balloons with hydrogen because it is highly flame able. While drinking cold beverages with ice you must have noticed that ice cubes float. If you put ice inside a glass filled with water than you could notice that ice cubes float in water. This is because water is one of the few substances that is lightly denser in its liquid form as compared to its solid form which is Ice. We have already established that with the decrease in temperature, ice floats in water.
Icebergs also float in the ocean. Icebergs are made of fresh water, and they also contain lots of air. They have trapped air bubbles inside them. Oceans, as we all know, are salty and have a density slightly higher than fresh water. This is the reason why icebergs that are frozen and are made up of fresh water, float. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed. Contents 1 The density of oil and water explanation 2 Why do helium balloons float in the air?
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